Based on the 74ls610 but with some slight changes.
The memory mapper works by having a 16x12 ram array. The top 4 bits of
the address are used to index into this array, and the resulting word
replaces those top 4 bits. In this way, a 16 bit address is replaced
with a 24 bit address.
As of now there is no way to write 12 bit values though, so currently
we are using 20 bit addresses.
There is a chip select line that allows you to write into the ram array,
and another chip select that allows you to write to the control word.
Currently the control word is just a single bit, the enable bit.
When not enabled, the 4 index bits are passed straight through, and the higher
bits of the address are replaced with 0, a sort of identity map. Once
enabled, it operates as described above.
Since the bottom 12 bits are left unchanged, the page size is 4kb.
There are no protections so far, but might be added later, as well as
the ability to actually use all 12 bits.
Replace RAM section with SDRAM.
Really this makes no difference than before we added SDRAM except the
name is different. In hardware, the SDRAM acts the same way and is
located in the same space as the RAM was previously.
This removes the ram from inside the FPGA. All RAM is now located in the
external SDRAM instead.
The ROM is still in the FPGA to allow easier programming.
Turns out there are some issues with holding the chip select for the
SDRAM controller high for too long, so there is a simple 2-state fsm
which ensures that the chip select is only held for 1 clock cycle for
writes and for as long as it takes to read the data from sdram for
reads.
The UART has a receive buffer which will fill up when it receives bytes.
Once the buffer is full, it raises the RX flag until the value is read
by the cpu.
Currently an interrupt is triggered any time there is any activity on
the UART_RXD line, but later it will only trigger once there is data
ready to be read.
Upon receiving an interrupt, the corresponding bit in the interrupt
status register will be set and an IRQ will be raised for the CPU. The
cpu can then respond to the interrupt and clear the interrupt by writing
back to the interrupt status register.
The write task will transmit a single byte, the puts task will transmit
a string of length n. These do not do any verification, you still have
to look at the output.
Added new signal tx_flag, which indicates whether the transmitter is
ready for new data.
Added status register, which when read will return the tx_flag bit, as
well as others that can be implemented.
Added new state IDLE, which resets the TX flag and allows new data to be
written.
Added code to allow for different baud rates, though it is still fixed
currently.
Fixed bug where we forgot to restore x in _hex_set_8 if the idx check
fails. We did remember to restore it if the check passed.
Fixed bug where _hex_set_24 did not return 0.
